What is C++ Programming language?

C++ is an object – oriented programming language. It is an extension of C programming. Likewise, C++ is a general purpose, case sensitive, free from programming language that supports procedural, object oriented, and generic programming. In fact, C++ is regarded as a middle language because it comprises a combination of both high level and low – level features.

C++ is based on C language. The “++” is a syntactic construct used in C and C++ is intended as an incremental improvement of C. Since, most of C is a subset of C++ so that most of the C programs can be compiled using a C++ compiler. Hence, C++ is a superset of C, and that virtually any legal C program is a legal C++ program.

Object - Oriented Programming (OOPs)

C++ fully supports object – oriented programming, including the four pillars of object – oriented development:

1. Encapsulation: Encapsulation is the mechanism used to hide the data, internal structure and implementation details of an object. Encapsulation means data hiding; the hidden data can be accessed only through a public interface provided to the user.Hence, this interphase consists of all the functions or the methods of that object.
2. Inheritance: One of the most important concepts in object – oriented programming is that of inheritance. Inheritance basically allows us to define a class in terms of another class, which makes it easier to produce and support an application.
3. Data abstraction: Abstraction is the process of identifying the key aspects of an entity and ignoring the rest. Keeping in mind ,Only those aspects are selected that are important to the present – day problem conditions.
4. Polymorphism: Ability of different related objects to respond to the same message in different ways is called polymorphism.
5. Virtual function: A virtual function is a function in a base class that is declared using the keywords virtual. Because, defining in a super class a virtual function, with another version in a sub class, signals to the compiler that they don’t want static linkage for this function.

Features Of C++

C++ fully supports object – oriented programming, including the four pillars of object – oriented development:

• Simple: C++ is a simple language and provides structured approach, rich set of library function, data types etc.
• Machine independent or portable: Unlike assembling language, C program can be executed in many machines with little bit or no change. It is not platform independent.
• Mid - level programming language: C++ is also used to do low level programming.In addition, it is used to develop system applications such as kernel, driver, etc.
• Structured programming language: Means that we can break the program into parts using functions.
• Speed: The compilation and execution task of C++ language is fast.
• Extensible: C++ language is extensible because it can easily adopt new features.
• Recursion: In C++ we can call the functions within the function.Moreover, it provides code durability for every function in language.